Pfizer-BioNTech’s COVID-19 vaccine BNT162b2 and Moderna’s mRNA-1273 are mRNA (messenger-RNA) vaccines developed within the combat in opposition to COVID-19 pandemic
Highlights
mRNA vaccines give a message to the human physique to provide immune responsemRNA is fragile and might dangle round inside a cell for less than 72 hours: ProfessionalmRNA vaccines are getting used for the primary time and are accepted by WHO
New Delhi: Together with combating the COVID-19 pandemic, medical consultants are battling misinformation surrounding the COVID-19 outbreak. Proper from the origins of the virus, residence treatments to remedy COVID-19 and now with vaccine rollout, researchers, medical consultants and scientists have all through the pandemic had an extra process of dispelling myths and busting misinformation. One of many widespread myths doing rounds on the web round coronavirus vaccine is that it irreversibly modifications the DNA of a person. NDTV spoke to consultants to know the science behind it.
Additionally Learn: WHO’s Staff Tracing the Origin Of COVID-19 Is Again From China; Consultants Clarify Why It Is Vital To Discover The Supply Of The Outbreak
The parable the COVID-19 vaccines alter the DNA is restricted to mRNA (messenger-RNA) vaccines as they use the genetic method. Two of the COVID-19 vaccines – Pfizer-BioNTech’s BNT162b2 and Moderna’s mRNA-1273 – are mRNA vaccines.
DNA Vs mRNA
Dr Mala V. Kaneria, Advisor, Infectious Illnesses, Jaslok Hospital and Analysis Centre, Mumbai, suggests understanding the distinction between DNA and mRNA. She defined,
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) is a double stranded, very lengthy genetic materials which is spunned up collectively inside part of the cell known as the nucleus. Whereas mRNA is a single stranded copy of a really small a part of the DNA which is routinely made within the nucleus and launched into the cytoplasm exterior the nucleus. The perform of mRNA is to behave like an instruction guide to supply directions to the mobile equipment to make proteins that are required for the physique.
Additionally Learn: COVID-19 Vaccine Explainer: How Do Vaccines Work?
What Are mRNA Vaccines?
In layman’s language, the job of mRNA is to offer a message to our cells to make a protein and even only a piece of a protein that are like these of the virus. The protein then triggers an immune response inside our our bodies.
Moreover, Dr Prashant Borade, Head – Essential Care Unit, International Hospitals, Mumbai, mentioned,
The accessible COVID-19 vaccines are designed to assist your physique’s immune system combat the coronavirus. The messenger RNA from two of the primary kinds of COVID-19 vaccines does enter cells, however not the nucleus of the cells the place DNA resides. The mRNA does its job to trigger the cell to make protein to stimulate the immune system, after which it shortly breaks down — with out affecting the particular person’s DNA.
Dr Kaneria added that mRNA is fragile in comparison with the DNA and might dangle round inside a cell for less than 72 hours.
The minute mRNA’s perform of giving directions to our cells is over; it’s degraded by our cells. Subsequently, mRNA doesn’t stay within the physique for lengthy, mentioned Dr Kaneria.
Additionally Learn: Coronavirus Outbreak Defined: What Is mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine Know-how Used By Pfizer-BioNTech And Moderna?
Are mRNA Vaccines Protected?
Dr Katherine O’Brien, WHO Director of the Division of Immunisation, Vaccines and Biologicals dismissed the hearsay and mentioned, there is no such thing as a manner that mRNA can flip into DNA. And there’s no manner that mRNA can change the DNA of our human cells. She added,
What mRNA is, it’s the directions to the physique to make a protein. Most vaccines are developed by truly giving a protein or giving a small, tiny element of the germ that we are attempting to vaccinate in opposition to. And it is a new method the place as an alternative of giving that tiny little half, we simply give the directions to our personal our bodies to make that tiny little half after which our pure immune system responds to it.
In keeping with Dr Kaneria, the worry that mRNA vaccines can modify DNA stems from the truth that there are particular viruses just like the HIV virus that are recognized to combine into the DNA and trigger its replication. Nevertheless, within the case of SARS-CoV-2, mRNA from the vaccine by no means enters the nucleus of the cell and doesn’t have an effect on or work together with an individual’s DNA.
On December 31, 2020, the World Well being Organisation (WHO) listed the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine for emergency use, making the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine the primary to obtain emergency validation from WHO for the reason that outbreak started. Although the know-how has been there for many years, Pfizer-BioNTech’s COVID-19 vaccine is the primary mRNA vaccine to be accepted to be used in people.
Additionally Learn: Vaccine Hesitancy: What It Means And How We Can Sort out It, Consultants Clarify
NDTV – Dettol Banega Swasth India marketing campaign is an extension of the five-year-old Banega Swachh India initiative helmed by Marketing campaign Ambassador Amitabh Bachchan. It goals to unfold consciousness about important well being points dealing with the nation. In wake of the present COVID-19 pandemic, the necessity for WASH (Water, Sanitation and Hygiene) is reaffirmed as handwashing is without doubt one of the methods to forestall Coronavirus an infection and different illnesses. The marketing campaign highlights the significance of diet and healthcare for ladies and kids to forestall maternal and youngster mortality, combat malnutrition, stunting, losing, anaemia and illness prevention by means of vaccines. Significance of programmes like Public Distribution System (PDS), Mid-day Meal Scheme, POSHAN Abhiyan and the function of Aganwadis and ASHA staff are additionally lined. Solely a Swachh or clear India the place bathrooms are used and open defecation free (ODF) standing achieved as a part of the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in 2014, can eradicate illnesses like diahorrea and grow to be a Swasth or wholesome India. The marketing campaign will proceed to cowl points like air air pollution, waste administration, plastic ban, guide scavenging and sanitation staff and menstrual hygiene.
World
11,03,03,181Circumstances
four,57,60,290Lively
6,21,01,682Recovered
24,41,209Deaths
Coronavirus has unfold to 192 international locations. The whole confirmed instances worldwide are 11,03,03,181 and 24,41,209 have died; four,57,60,290 are lively instances and 6,21,01,682 have recovered as on February 19, 2021 at three:48 am.
India
1,09,63,394 13193Circumstances
1,39,542 2200Lively
1,06,67,741 10896Recovered
1,56,111 97Deaths
In India, there are 1,09,63,394 confirmed instances together with 1,56,111 deaths. The variety of lively instances is 1,39,542 and 1,06,67,741 have recovered as on February 19, 2021 at 2:30 am.
State & District Particulars
State
Circumstances
Lively
Recovered
Deaths
Maharashtra
DistrictCircumstances
Mumbai45,478
Thane13,660
Pune9,920
Mumbai Suburban5,363
Aurangabad1,974
Nashik1,575
Raigad1,462
Palghar1,421
Solapur1,291
Jalgaon1,zero39
Akola757
Nagpur692
Kolhapur646
Satara629
Ratnagiri350
Amravati291
Dhule228
Hingoli208
Jalna201
Ahmednagar190
Nanded176
Yavatmal150
Sangli145
Latur139
Osmanabad125
Sindhudurg114
Buldhana88
Parbhani78
gondia69
Beed54
Nandurbar42
Gadchiroli42
Bhandara41
Chandrapur32
Washim13
Wardha11
20,81,520 5,427
42,zero47 2,846
19,87,804 2,543
51,669 38
Kerala
DistrictCircumstances
Kannur357
Kasaragod333
Palakkad224
Malappuram119
Kollam118
Thrissur106
Thiruvananthapuram104
Pathanamthitta98
Kozhikode90
Alappuzha76
Kottayam73
Ernakulam60
Idukki40
Wayanad36
10,21,432 four,584
60,451 623
9,56,935 5,193
four,zero46 14
Karnataka
DistrictCircumstances
Udupi1,176
Kalaburagi669
Yadgir538
Bengaluru City529
Raichur369
Mandya346
Belagavi337
Bidar219
Hassan205
Davangere204
Vijayapura201
Dakshina Kannada179
Chikkaballapura149
Mysuru107
Bagalkote103
Uttara Kannada95
Shivamogga67
Dharwad61
Ballari60
Gadag45
Bengaluru Rural40
Tumakuru36
Kolar29
Haveri24
Chikkamagaluru19
Chitradurga14
Koppal5
Kodagufour
Ramanagarathree
Chamarajanagarazero
9,46,860 406
5,811 94
9,28,767 306
12,282 6
Andhra Pradesh
DistrictCircumstances
Kurnool795
Krishna557
Guntur511
Anantapur428
East Godavari356
Chittoor319
Sri Potti Sriramulu Nell*296
Y.S.R.205
West Godavari199
Srikakulam183
Prakasam104
Visakhapatnam103
Vizianagaram23
eight,89,zero77 67
619 12
eight,81,292 54
7,166 1
Tamil Nadu
DistrictCircumstances
Chennai23,324
Chengalpattu1,314
Thiruvallur774
Villupuram509
Kanchipuram503
Tiruvannamalai496
Cuddalore477
Ariyalur444
Tirunelveli433
Tuticorin333
Kallakurichi324
Madurai322
Salem258
Coimbatore188
Virudhunagar185
Dindigul175
Perambalur133
Ranipet133
Thanjavur130
Theni129
Tiruchirappalli119
Ramanathapuram119
Tiruppur116
Kanniyakumari110
Tenkasi103
Nagapattinam99
Karur88
Namakkal83
Erode75
Vellore71
Thiruvarur67
Pudukkottai53
Sivaganga46
Tirupathur45
Krishnagiri43
The Nilgiris17
Dharmapuri15
eight,46,937 457
four,173 19
eight,30,320 470
12,444 6
Delhi
DistrictCircumstances
North West5,463
Centralfour,817
Westfour,768
New Delhithree,405
Norththree,059
East2,472
South East2,446
South West2,391
South2,329
North East1,914
Shahdara1,580
6,37,445 130
1,zero53 25
6,25,496 153
10,896 2
Uttar Pradesh
DistrictCircumstances
Gautam Buddha Nagar1,119
Agra933
Ghaziabad794
Meerut504
Lucknow386
Saharanpur298
Kanpur Nagar286
Moradabad252
Varanasi243
Hapur225
Aligarh215
Basti214
Amethi206
Rampur203
Jaunpur194
Firozabad190
Barabanki168
Gorakhpur166
Bulandshahr166
Siddharth Nagar159
Ghazipur159
Bijnor157
Deoria143
Azamgarh138
Sant Kabeer Nagar132
Mathura129
Ayodhya120
Muzaffarnagar117
Sambhal116
Sultanpur97
Ambedkar Nagar92
Maharajganj85
Amroha80
Rae Bareli78
Bahraich73
Kheri72
Kannauj69
Baghpat68
Kushi Nagar67
Bhadohi60
Ballia60
Gonda59
Etah52
Hardoi49
Balrampur49
Mau48
Mainpuri46
Etawah46
Hathras43
Unnao42
Jalaun41
Jhansi41
Shamli40
Chandauli38
Auraiya37
Farrukhabad36
Sitapur32
Prayagraj30
Banda27
Shahjahanpur25
Shravasti23
Budaun23
Mirzapur22
Bareilly17
Kasganj16
Pratapgarh15
Pilibhit15
Sonbhadra10
Kaushambi6
Kanpur Dehatfour
Chitrakootfour
Lalitpurthree
Hamirpurthree
Mahobathree
Fatehpurthree
6,02,490 80
2,587 103
5,91,194 181
eight,709 2
West Bengal
DistrictCircumstances
Kolkata2,777
Howrah1,435
24 Paraganas North1,zero31
Hooghly604
24 Paraganas South281
Maldah235
Dinajpur Uttar216
Coochbehar210
Birbhum206
Medinipur West159
Medinipur East153
Nadia139
Purba Bardhaman130
Murshidabad125
Bankura116
Darjeeling97
Jalpaiguri88
Paschim Bardhaman70
Purulia66
Dinajpur Dakshin50
Alipurduar39
Kalimpong18
Jhargram9
5,73,193 181
three,672 64
5,59,282 243
10,239 2
Odisha
DistrictCircumstances
Ganjam581
Jajapur322
Khordha238
Baleshwar190
Kendrapara164
Cuttack155
Bhadrak137
Balangir129
Puri103
Sundargarh102
Jagatsinghapur91
Nayagarh86
Mayurbhanj73
Nuapada69
Gajapati61
Dhenkanal36
Boudh34
Kendujhar34
Deogarh33
Kalahandi33
Sonepur29
Kandhamal28
Anugul26
Malkangiri20
Bargarh16
Koraput16
Sambalpur16
Jharsugudaeight
Nabarangpur2
Rayagada2
three,36,460 63
659 38
three,33,888 100
1,913 1
Rajasthan
DistrictCircumstances
Jaipur2,177
Jodhpur1,748
Udaipur724
Bharatpur563
Kota503
Nagaur500
Ajmer379
Dungarpur374
Pali352
Jhalawar329
Bhilwara250
Sikar231
Chittorgarh188
Tonk171
Jalore164
Rajsamand140
Sirohi130
Bikaner112
Banswara91
Alwar90
Churu81
Jhunjhunu64
Dausa61
Dholpur60
Baran59
Jaisalmer53
Barmer34
Hanumangarh31
SawaiMadhopur26
Karauli17
Pratapgarh14
Ganganagareight
Bundi5
three,19,270 104
1,275 26
three,15,212 77
2,783 1
Chhattisgarh
DistrictCircumstances
Bilaspur100
Korba100
Mungeli87
Baloda Bazar85
Jashpur77
Janjgir-Champa56
Mahasamund54
Rajnandgaon52
Kabirdham52
Raigarh47
Raipur46
Balod41
Korea39
Durg31
Bemetara21
Kanker19
Balrampur17
Surguja14
Gariyaband10
Surajpur9
Dhamtari6
Bijapur2
Bastar2
Dantewadazero
Kondagaonzero
Narayanpurzero
Sukmazero
three,10,210 276
three,005 four
three,03,415 278
three,790 2
Telangana
DistrictCircumstances
Hyderabad2,475
Ranga Reddy183
Suryapet87
Jagitial77
Nizamabad76
MedchalMalkajgiri75
Mancherial43
YadadriBhuvanagiri40
Jogulamba Gadwal40
Vikarabad40
Nalgonda33
Warangal City32
Mahabubnagar30
Sangareddy26
Khammam26
Adilabad22
Nirmal21
Karimnagar17
RajannaSircilla16
Medak11
Kamareddy11
Mahabubabad10
Jayashankar Bhupalapally9
Nagarkurnooleight
Kumuram Bheem Asifabadeight
Jangoaneight
Siddipet7
Peddapalli5
Bhadradri Kothagudem5
Warangal Ruralfour
Muluguthree
Narayanpetthree
Wanaparthy1
2,97,278 165
1,715 15
2,93,940 149
1,623 1
Haryana
DistrictCircumstances
Gurugram2,950
Faridabad867
Sonipat404
Rohtak145
Palwal120
Jhajjar114
Karnal104
Hisar98
Ambala93
Panipat78
Nuh68
Bhiwani60
Rewari56
Kurukshetra55
Sirsa50
Kaithal48
Mahendragarh47
CharkiDadri43
Panchkula39
Fatehabad38
Jind38
Yamunanagar19
2,69,405 83
814 12
2,65,549 94
three,zero42 1
Gujarat
DistrictCircumstances
Ahmadabad17,125
Surat2,311
Vadodara1,555
Gandhinagar410
Mahesana159
Banas Kantha147
Bhavnagar146
Rajkot135
Arvalli134
Mahisagar125
Anand107
PanchMahals107
Patan105
SabarKantha101
Kachchh99
Kheda98
Jamnagar63
Bharuch56
Botad55
Surendranagar55
Valsad47
GirSomnath45
Dohad43
Chhotaudepur37
Naysari35
Junagadh31
Narmada25
DevbhumiDwarka22
Amreli16
Porbandar11
Tapi6
Dang5
Morbifour
2,66,297 263
1,696 7
2,60,198 270
four,403
Bihar
DistrictCircumstances
Patna279
Bhagalpur266
Rohtas256
Khagaria253
Begusarai243
Madhubani199
Munger188
Jehanabad178
Katihar175
Darbhanga143
Samastipur139
Siwan139
PurbiChamparan138
Purnia135
Banka134
Buxar134
Nalanda123
Gopalganj123
Nawada122
Sheikhpura118
Gaya115
Kaimur (bhabua)105
Bhojpur103
Saran101
Muzaffarpur96
Saharsa88
Supaul87
Vaishali87
Madhepura82
Kishanganj75
Aurangabad75
Sitamarhi73
Lakhisarai72
Araria68
Pashchim Champaran57
Arwal52
Jamui47
Sheohar20
2,61,942 63
513 7
2,59,898 68
1,531 2
Madhya Pradesh
DistrictCircumstances
Indorethree,839
Bhopal1,880
Ujjain799
Burhanpur351
Neemuch319
Jabalpur276
East Nimar266
Sagar228
Gwalior211
Khargone196
Dewas140
Dhar132
Mandsaur112
Morena109
Bhind87
Raisen71
Barwani60
Ratlam51
Rewa39
Shajapur39
Hoshangabad37
Vidisha37
Chhatarpur35
Betul35
Rajgarh31
Dindori29
Sheopur26
Damoh26
Satna24
Anuppur22
Panna20
Tikamgarh18
Sidhi17
Narsinghpur17
Chhindwara16
Agar Malwa15
Mandla15
Shivpuri15
Jhabua14
Shandol14
Singrauli13
Ashoknagar13
Datia12
Sehore12
Umaria10
Balaghat9
Gunaeight
Hardafour
Alirajpurthree
Katnithree
Seoni2
Niwarizero
2,58,574 241
1,909 46
2,52,821 193
three,844 2
Assam
DistrictCircumstances
Kamrup Metro276
Golaghat203
Nagaon143
Hojai89
Dima Hasao86
Karimganj85
Tinsukia84
Cachar80
Dibrugarh61
Hailakandi57
Lakhimpur57
Marigaon50
Dhemaji47
Kamrup42
Kokrajhar37
Dhubri30
Charaideo29
Barpeta28
Udalguri28
Sonitpur27
Jorhat24
Nalbari23
Darrang20
Sivasagar20
Goalpara19
Biswanath16
Baksa14
KarbiAnglong13
Bongaigaon12
Chirang6
West KarbiAnglong5
South SalmaraMancacharfour
Majuli2
2,17,344 14
1,614 2
2,14,639 11
1,zero91 1
Punjab
DistrictCircumstances
Amritsar485
Jalandhar297
Ludhiana293
Tarn Taran163
Gurdaspur154
Hoshiarpur140
S.A.S Nagar137
Patiala132
Sangrur107
Shahid Bhagat Singh Nagar (Nawanshahr)99
Pathankot86
Rupnagar (Ropar)74
Faridkot74
Sri Muktsar Sahib71
Moga65
Bathinda60
Fatehgarh Sahib57
Fazilka53
Firozepur50
Kapurthala44
Mansa31
Barnala25
1,77,376 275
2,642 96
1,69,zero02 169
5,732 10
Jammu And Kashmir
DistrictCircumstances
Anantnag395
Srinagar300
Kulgam295
Baramulla271
Shopian255
Kupwara231
Bandipora175
Udhampur155
Ramban151
Jammu138
Budgam110
Pulwama108
Kathua53
Rajouri39
Ganderbal37
Poonch35
Doda27
Reasi26
Samba25
Kishtwar10
Mirpurzero
Muzaffarabadzero
1,25,634 87
688 31
1,22,992 53
1,954 three
Jharkhand
DistrictCircumstances
East Singhbum170
Ranchi148
Hazaribagh110
Garhwa80
Ramgarh75
Koderma58
Simdega48
Dhanbad32
Gumla28
Palamu27
West Singhbhum21
SaraikelaKharsawan20
Giridih19
Bokaro16
Latehar14
Khunti10
Lohardagaeight
Deoghar5
Dumka5
Pakurfour
Jamtara2
Godda2
Chatra1
Sahebganjzero
1,19,477 38
467 1
1,17,926 37
1,zero84
Uttarakhand
DistrictCircumstances
Dehradun370
Nainital323
Tehri Garhwal110
Haridwar94
Udam Singh Nagar83
Almora71
Champawat45
Pithoragarh43
Chamoli36
PauriGarhwal36
Bageshwar31
Rudraprayag30
Uttar Kashi24
97,005 41
549 1
94,772 39
1,684 1
Himachal Pradesh
DistrictCircumstances
Hamirpur117
Kangra105
Una41
Solan32
Chamba29
Bilaspur21
Mandi21
Sirmaur11
Shimla10
Kullufour
Kinnaur2
Lahaul And Spitizero
58,312 16
301 53
57,zero17 69
994
Goa
DistrictCircumstances
South Goa69
North Goa57
54,421 52
510 1
53,125 51
786
Puducherry
DistrictCircumstances
Pondicherry111
Mahefour
Karaikal2
Yanamzero
39,526 20
199 three
38,667 23
660
Tripura
DistrictCircumstances
Dhalai196
Sepahijala174
Gomati74
South Tripura53
Unakoti49
West Tripura45
Khowai24
North Tripura14
33,366 9
14 9
32,961
391
Manipur
DistrictCircumstances
Churachandpur32
Kangpokpi26
Imphal West21
Thoubal18
Imphal East10
Tengnoupal9
Bishnupur7
Senapati6
Chandel5
Kamjong5
Ukhrulfour
Jiribamthree
Pherzawlthree
Kakching2
Tamenglong2
Noney1
29,225 2
83 eight
28,769 10
373
Chandigarh
DistrictCircumstances
Chandigarh313
21,352 30
150 eight
20,854 22
348
Arunachal Pradesh
DistrictCircumstances
Changlang31
Papum Pareeight
Lohitthree
Namsai2
West Siang1
East Siang1
Higher Siang1
Tawang1
PakkeKessang1
West Kamengzero
Higher Subansirizero
Tirapzero
Siangzero
Shi Yomizero
Anjawzero
Decrease Subansirizero
Decrease Dibang Valleyzero
Longdingzero
Leparadazero
KurungKumeyzero
KraDaadizero
Kamlezero
East Kamengzero
Dibang Valleyzero
Decrease Siangzero
16,836 three
5 2
16,775 1
56
Meghalaya
DistrictCircumstances
East Khasi Hills22
West Garo Hills5
South West Garo Hillsfour
North Garo Hills1
West Jaintia Hills1
West Khasi Hills1
East Garo Hillszero
East Jaintia Hillszero
Ribhoizero
South Garo Hillszero
South West Khasi Hillszero
13,946 1
55 23
13,743 24
148
Nagaland
DistrictCircumstances
Dimapur20
Moneight
Kohima7
Kiphirethree
Tuensangthree
Peren2
Phek1
Longlengzero
Mokokchungzero
Wokhazero
Zunhebotozero
12,191 1
29 7
12,zero71 7
91 1
Ladakh
DistrictCircumstances
Kargil77
LehLadakh43
9,783 1
48 zero
9,605 1
130
Sikkim
DistrictCircumstances
East Districtthree
South Districtthree
North Districtzero
West Districtzero
6,126 5
58 four
5,933 1
135
Andaman And Nicobar Islands
DistrictCircumstances
South Andamans33
Nicobars1
North And Center Andaman1
5,zero14
eight zero
four,944
62
Mizoram
DistrictCircumstances
Kolasib11
Aizawl10
Mamiteight
Lawngtlai2
Lunglei2
Saitual1
Champhaizero
Hnahthialzero
Khawzawlzero
Saihazero
Serchhipzero
four,405 6
23 three
four,372 three
10
Dadra And Nagar Haveli
DistrictCircumstances
Dadra And Nagar Haveli20
three,402
four zero
three,396
2
Lakshadweep
DistrictCircumstances
Lakshadweep Districtzero
263 2
96 1
167 three
zero
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